spreadability test of cream

2 is stable, without any changes of liquefaction and phase separation. The authors are grateful to the concerned officers of the Regional Sophisticated Instrumentation Centre, Nagpur, for providing assistance to carry out the fluorescence tests and the Head of the Department of Forensic Pharmacy, Govt. The following graph shows the spreadability of two different types of moisturizing cream. Moisturizing cream is perhaps the most common personal care product used for moisturizing, rejuvenating, toning, healing and preventing the signs of aging in skin. The above cream bases were prepared by accurately weighing the oil phase and the aqueous phase and taking in a beaker separately and heating to about 70C. Then, instrumentation can easily verify that production batches satisfy this requirement. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. Tefose HC (a mixture of cetyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, ceteth-20, and steareth-20) was a free sample from Gattefoss (Saint-Priest Cedex, France). The authors report no conflict of interests. (PDF) FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOISTURIZING CREAM - ResearchGate This article details how the spreadability test is performed using a texture analyzer. Table 5]. 4, pp. Spreadability of semisolid formulations, that is, the ability of a cream or gel to evenly spread on the skin, plays an important role in the administration of a standard dose of a medicated formulation to the skin and the efficacy of a topical therapy. Samples containing 2% active ingredients had a similar antibacterial activity to that of the control, while the samples containing 3% active ingredients had statistically significantly higher activity against both microorganisms. The base holder should not be removed from the base table between tests as this will necessitate realignment of the male and female probes. Acid value: 10gm of substance is dissolved in accurately weighed 50 ml mixture of equal volume of alcohol and solvent ether, the flask was connected to reflux condenser and slowly heated, until sample was dissolved completely, to this 1ml of phenolphthalein added and titrated with 0.1N NaOH, until faintly pink colour appears after shaking for 30 seconds. Similarly, on Days 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11, decline in fluorescence intensities of the investigational cream were found to be 62%, 51%, 35%, 25% and 12% as compared with 90%, 80%, 61%, 42% and 32% of the control (P-value = 0.0014, 0.0011, 0.0061, 0.0012 and 0.0013). The turbidity of the suspension was adjusted to a 0.5 McFarland standard by adding more microorganism if the suspension was too light or diluting with sterile saline if the suspension was too heavy. It was immediately put into ice to avoid deterioration and brought to the Laboratory. Fisher AL, Hill R. Ethical and legal issues in antiageing medicine. A 40 Perspex cone was used to penetrate the cream cheese samples by 12 mm at a test speed of 2 mm s 1. A major finding of this study is that copper sulfate and zinc sulfate have a synergistic antibacterial activity in creams and gels. How Does Temperature and Fat Influence Spreadability of Cream Cheese? Comparatively Speaking: Crossmodal vs. Lineal Perception. Many of our formulations were affected by the metal ions, which resulted in precipitation, phase separation, color change, and other forms of instability. 114118, 2013. (2) Preparation of Inoculum. FlexiThix (2-pyrrolidinone-1-ethenyl homopolymer) was received as a free sample from ISP Technologies, Inc. (Wayne, NJ). After a definite interval of time, the results of viscosity show that at room temperature and at elevated temperature, the cream does not show any sudden changes in viscosity, which indicates the stability of the developed cream base at higher as well as lower temperatures. The mean differences for Days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 were found to be -7.667, -27.00, -30.00, -23.07, -17.00 and -18.07, respectively. Suitable topical cream base for effective carriage of fruit extract was developed and its in vitro evaluation for skin renewal activity was tested by application to the stratum corneum of human cadaver skin and by dansyl chloride fluorescence method. 5, pp. By way of an example below is simple rheological comparison performed on two topical pharmaceutical creams, one the original reference listed drug and the other a low-cost generic alternative. Viscosity of this cream was measured after regular intervals of time for 1 month. 41, no. Z. Zarrab, M. Zanardelli, A. Pietrzak et al., European Handbook of Dermatological Treatments: Tine Versicolor, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2015. Beyond skin care, as noted, additional fixtures enable measurements in, e.g., eye pencils, lipstick and hair combability. In addition to the creams, eighteen different gels (G1G18) were formulated using eight different gelling agents. Spreading properties of cosmetic emollients: Use of synthetic skin 3, Article ID 035004, 2008. The site is secure. 1, pp. 26, no. Zinc sulfate and copper sulfate were dissolved in warmed deionized water, and the solutions were added to the cream base using an overhead stirrer (Talboys Engineering Corp, Emerson, NJ). Throughout the stability test, the cream formulations did not exhibit significant differences in their pH (p > 0,05). The necessity for developing new antimicrobial means has increased significantly due to growing concerns regarding multidrug-resistant bacterial, viral, and fungal strains [14]. Decline in fluorescence intensities (%) of Dansyl chloride-stained patches with the application of the investigational cream for the skin-renewal activity. Spreadability of gels, creams, ointments and lotions is the net result of a combination of rheological contributions, of which viscosity is just one. Changes in viscosity were determined by the Brookefield Viscometer using Spindle number 7. Therefore, it was decided to develop a topical cream base that is widely accepted, i.e. Formulations C1C4 were formulated with the same ingredients, but with varied concentrations of the emulsifiers and thickeners. Preparation and optimization of medicated cold cream using Caralluma It is one of the most common dermatological conditions encountered in babies while using diapers [5] and is estimated to occur in 735% of babies between the ages of 9 and 12 months [6]. 129134, 2014. Moisturizing Cream Spreadability TEST PRINCIPLE Evaluate the spreadability of two types of moisturizing creams using male and female conical probes. After 24 h, the fluorescence intensity of these stained pieces was measured at 340 nm by a spectrofluoremeter at RSIC, Nagpur. R. Gyawali and S. A. Ibrahim, Synergistic effect of copper and lactic acid against Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157: H7: a review, Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, vol. Ageing can be classified as intrinsic ageing, which is a chronological and inevitable event, and actinic ageing, which is dependant on an individual's exposure to UV radiation. 4, pp. 52, no. Study of Benincasa hispida contents effective for protection of kidney. For comparison purposes, the test temperature must always be reported in the results. cm/sec time required for this test was 15 sec, Washability was easily washable, the cream was nonirritant, viscosity of the formulated. . For assessment of the thermal stability of Formula No. O/W cream had a better spreadability than W/O cream. 7. Results also confirmed that copper sulfate and zinc sulfate have a synergistic activity, as shown by their larger zone of inhibition against tested microorganisms (). 1 (average diffusibility 1.35 0.05). The plates are placed in the incubator and are incubated in 37 . Antimicrobial activity during the stability study. Next, the selected cream and gel formulations containing both active ingredients in a series of concentrations (including 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3% of each ingredient) were tested for antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus to evaluate their effective concentration. Definition, History, Present Status and Scope of Pharmacognosy, Nutrition Macronutrients and Micronutrients, Pharmaceutical Importance of Sterilization, National Health Mission (NHM) | Social Pharmacy Notes, Pharmaceutical Aerosol Products | Pharmacy Notes, Type of Infections, Host, Reservoir & Carriers of Infectious agents, BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT, A radiopharmaceutical, Type of Radiations (Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry) Video lecturer, Types of Pharmaceutical Sterilization method, Containers and Closers for Parenteral Sterile Preparation/Product, Evaluation of Parenteral Preparation | Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Creams| Pharmacy Notes | The Pharmapedia, Syllabus of Pharmacist () DMER Mumbai, Pharmacist & Pharma Chemist openings at AIIMS Patna, Recruitment of Pharmacist & Pharma Chemist-AIIMS Jodhpur, Recruitment of Pharmacist-AIIMS RISHIKESH. PEG-8 beeswax was a gift from Koster Keunen, Inc. (Watertown, CT). 14181421, 2007. 5, pp. Lotions are less acceptable to the users than creams. The Centre for Industrial Rheology performs physical testing of topical creams, ointments and lotions for assessing and demonstrating spreadability equivalence of generic and innovator's pharmaceuticals. To the amount of propylene glycol in the base (Formula no. 2.7. Want to improve the formulations of your shampoos and conditioners? The dried fruit pulp was extracted successively with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol by Soxhlation for 2 days. The formulated cream shows the viscosity within range i.e. Want to find out how to determine if a shampoo or conditioner has the desired effect on hair? Regulatory bodies, such as the FDA, are increasingly asking for characterisation of rheological properties such as shear stress/shear rate relationships, yield stress and viscoelastic moduli such as storage, loss and complex modulus to support Q3 structural equivalence claims. For this reason it is essential that any viscosity measurements are performed at shear rates that are representative of the situation we are trying to simulate. Out of these four samples, only G5 provided an optimal gel. Xanthan gum, guar gum, methylparaben, propylparaben, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and citric acid monohydrate were obtained from Spectrum Chemical (Gardena, CA). Bob McGregor, Eric Chiang and Chris Freeman, AMETEK Brookfield, Middleboro, MA. Hardness of cream cheeses was determined by penetration and spreadability tests with a texture analyzer. M. J. Miller and F. Malouin, Microbial iron chelators as drug delivery agents: the rational design and synthesis of siderophore-drug conjugates, Accounts of Chemical Research, vol. Source publication +2 Formulation and Evaluation. Physical chemistry evaluation of stability, spreadability, Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the topical formulations containing zinc sulfate and copper sulfate. All formulations were blue due to copper sulfate. Studies have shown that zinc and copper salts exhibit inactivation of HSV both in vivo and in vitro [1013]. An official website of the United States government. Fluorescence intensity of these pieces was checked over a 2-month period to ascertain that the fluorescence did not decline. Conversely, a lower peak load (firmness) value coupled with a lower hardness work done value indicates a more spreadable sample. H. W. Boucher, G. H. Talbot, J. S. Bradley et al., Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! Molecular basis of sun-induced premature skin ageing and retinoid antagonism. Weight (250 g) was added to the pan. During the formulation process, the quality, appearance, and stability of many creams and gels were affected by the highly reactive metal ions. Even trace amounts of metal ions are able to catalyze oxidation reactions in fatty compounds in products, leading to deterioration including odor formation, color change, and physical and/or chemical instability [31]. This is an open access article distributed under the, https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/viral-infections/herpes-simplex-virus-infections#resourcesInArticle. 1, pp. D. B. Spreadability test. Swamy VB, Chandanam S, Rao S, Setty T, Ramaiyan D, Veeranna B, et al. B. Composition of the topical cream formulations. Moisturizing creams serve to keep the skin feeling smooth, soft, looking radiant and healthy by retaining moisture or water in the outer most skin layer. In recent years, a number of metal ions have been studied as potential antimicrobial agents, including silver [19], copper [20], zinc [21], iron [22], magnesium [23], and titanium [24]. 812817, 1997. 34, no. 587590, 2009. 17571761, 2008. Similarly, the physical appearance, homogeneity, and texture of all formulations remained the same by the end of the storage period. 11 Changes to SCCS Guides for Cosmetics Safety Testing Plus a Note on 'Nano', Endocrine Disruptors in the EU, SCCS Opinions and NGO Pressure to Crack Down, Discover the In-cosmetics 2023 Bronze Sensory award: Symphonic Feelings, Shiseido, Lauder, GOOP, CHANEL, L'Oral and MoreMeet the 2024, Indorama Ventures Unveils Surfonic Bio, Line of Biosurfactants, Shiseido Develops Friction and Contact Force Tactile Evaluation Devices. The active ingredients in Campho-Phenique Cold Sore Treatment Gel are camphor and phenol as pain relievers or antiseptics, and, in Equate Diaper Rash Relief Cream, zinc oxide is a skin protectant. This article reports on the feasibility study of a cosmetic cream added with aqueous extract and oil from date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit seed using experimental design. To be considered optimal in this study, a gel (1) had to be homogenous without showing signs of physical or chemical instability; (2) had to be able to dissolve and keep the active ingredients in a dissolved form without precipitating or aggregating; and (3) had to have a high enough viscosity not to flow off the skin during/after application. The second antibacterial study indicated that both zinc sulfate and copper sulfate have to be present in at least a 3% concentration in order to achieve similar or better results against the tested microorganisms than gentamicin, which was used as the control. The drug-loaded cream was preserved with paraben concentrate. Data Set #2: Sample B (Budget Moisturizing Cream), Figure II is a load versus distance graph for the spreadability of two types moisturizing creams. 33, no. The minimum effective concentration in vitro was found to be 3% for both active ingredients. Baker H, Blair CP. Saponification value = (b-a)*28.05/wWhere,w = weight of substance in gram. The mixture was stored at room temperature overnight for the complete dissolution of lecithin. 2, no. 1 and Formula no. The responses (dependent variables) were the spreadability (YSp) and viscosity (YVis), the factors . All rights reserved. 241249, 1993. Poloxamer was dissolved in cold water and stored under refrigerated conditions at 4C for a night.

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